Asia varies very much in terms of the age and development of its Botanic Gardens. In some countries the focus is on capacity building and the development of new botanical gardens.
  • China has 152 Botanic Gardens
  • India has 131 Botanic Gardens
  • Indonesia has 5 Botanic Gardens - I visited the main one in Bali in 1992
  • Japan has 64 Botanic Gardens
  • Singapore has 2 Botanicl Gardens - and I visited the main one in 1985
  • South Korea has 54 Botanic Gardens
  • Taiwan has 5 Botanic Gardens
  • Thailand has 12 Botanic Gardens
REFERENCE:
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Dalian Liaoning China: Roof view of the new botanic garden of Dalian Photo by CEphoto, Uwe Aranas / CC-BY-SA-3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Banner Image: a view of the Botanical Garden at Ooty in India

Botanic Gardens in Asia
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China

  • BGCI's China programme
    China is a key region for BGCI's conservation work and we have a regional office there, based at South China Botanic Garden.
  • Beijing Botanical Garden- The garden was established in 1953 and now covers 564,000 square metres. They include 6,000 species of plant, including 2,000 kinds of trees and bushes, 1,620 varieties of tropical and subtropical plants and 500 species of flowers.  The collection includes a number of rare species.
  • South China Botanical Garden at Guangzhou (Chinese Name: 广州兰圃公园) South China Botanical Garden is part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCBG, CAS), formerly known as the Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Sun Yat-Sen University, was founded in 1929.
  • Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,CAS
    Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (XTBG) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) was founded in 1959. It is located in Yunnan province. 
  • Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden
    Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden (KFBG) spreads over 148 hectares of land and is located on the northern slopes and foothills of Hong Kong's highest mountain - Tai Mo Shan.
  • Chandigarh Botanical Garden & Nature Park
    The garden consists of 15 Botanical Sections. The primary aim of setting up of Botanical Garden is to promote research, education, ex-situ conservation and to spread awareness about our floral heritage.
  • Wuhan Botanical Garden, CAS - This research oriented botanical garden is part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and was founded in 1956 and opened to the public in 1958. More than 10,000 plant species and varieties and has 16 specialty gardens. The Wild Fruit Garden, the Rare and Endangered Plant Garden, and the Medicinal Herb Garden are among the largest in China
  • Xiamen Botanical Garden - located on Wanshi Mountain in the southeastern part of Xiamen Island. Also known as Wanshi Botanical Garden. Covers an area of 4.93 square kilometres and contains more than 6,300 kinds of tropical and subtropical ornamental plants plus 10+ unique smaller dedicated gardens
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Araucaria columnaris - South China Botanical Garden via Wikimedia Commons
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Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Lam Tsuen, Tai Po, Hong Kong via Wikimedia Commons

India

Gardens are organised by location in India in terms of states and territories.

CHANDIGARH
KARNATAKA
  • Pilikula Arboretum (Pilikula Botanical Garden) at Pilikula Nisargadhama near Mangalore, Karnataka
  • Lalbagh, Bangalore, Karnataka

KERALA 
KOLKATA
  • Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Shibpur, Kolkata a.k.a. Calcutta Botanical Garden and the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. Founded in 1786 the aim of the Royal Botanical Gardens was to collect indigenous plants and introduce and acclimatize plants from other countries. Varieties of Assam and Darjeeling tea were developed here. The gardens were also an important source for plants to Kew and other European gardens. 
Picture
Avenue of palms at the Botanical Gardens, Calcutta in the 1890s
MAHARASHTA
TAMIL NADU
UTTAR PRADESH
WEST BENGAL
  • Garden of Medicinal Plants, North Bengal University, West Bengal
  • Lloyd's Botanical Garden, Darjeeling, West Bengal - Founded in 1878 as a distant annexe of the Calcutta Botanical Garden.
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Botanical Gardens at Ootacamund (Ooty), India
By Adam Jones Adam63 (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons

Indonesia
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The Botanical Garden in Bogor

Japan
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Koishikawa Botanical Gardens, Tokyo, Japan - trees in winter Photo: By Daderot (Own work) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Laos

  • Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden, Laos
    The Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden Project was started in 2008. Pha Tad Ke is currently being developed and will open to the general public in 2015.
  • Welcome to Vientiane Orchides
    (Not so much a botanical garden as an initiative to preserv and protect Laotian Orchids)Vientiane Orchides Company was created in response to(1) a study undertaken by the Department of botany of the National University of Laos on gathering illegal of orchids

Malaysia

Singapore

  • Singapore Botanic Gardens - Index Page
    The Singapore Botanic Gardens has a land area of about 74 hectares and began in 1819 on Government Hill in 1819. The founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles, was a keen naturalist and he created a botanical garden. Achieved UNESCO World Heritage status in 2015 due to having 'two outstanding universal qualities'. Its role in the rubber trade transformed the region in the 1900s and its unique tropical colonial gardens landscape.  This is a map of the Singapore Botanical Garden

South Korea

Picture
Oedo has 3,000+ plant species. Some are quite rare. It includes many other subtropical plants
  • Namsan Botanic Garden - Based in Seoul. It occupies an area of c.59㎡ . It has a total 117,132 plants from 269 species across has 13 themed gardens. 
  • Oedo - a coastal botanical garden built 1969 by Lee Chang-ho and his wife, within the national marine park called Hallyeo Haesang National Park. 
  • Yanggu Eco-Botanical Garden - opened in 2004. Occupies 189,141㎡. Located at the base of Daeamsan Mountain. This is the northernmost eco-botanical garden in Korea and was developed as a South and North Korean ecosystem restoration center. Includes more than 400 rare plants including plants that are Korean native species and protected by Korean Ministry of Environment.  
  • Yeomiji Botanical Garden - opened 1989. Covers 112k square metres. Has an Indoor and Outdoor Garden (open all year round) which are themed in zones. Some of the gardens reproduce styles created in other countries in times past

Sri Lanka

Taiwan

  • Taipei Botanical Garden, Taiwan
    In 1896, an official nursery of less than 5 hectares was established near Xiaonanmen in the southwest of Taipei city. This marked the birth of the Taipei Botanical Garden.

Thailand